[131] He was moved to Port Francqui the next day and flown back to Léopoldville. A Belgian commission of inquiry found that the execution was carried out by Katanga's authorities. [180] He was the first Congolese to articulate a narrative of the Congo that contradicted traditional Belgian views of colonisation, and he highlighted the suffering of the indigenous population under European rule. A Ghanaian ONUC contingent managed to extricate him, but his briefcase was left behind. 1ère sélection : le 17 février 1993 contre l'Israël (4-0), Dernière sélection : le 7 juin 1997 contre l'Angleterre (0-1), 1988/95 FC Nantes (FRA) 206 matchs, 48 buts, (Championnat de France: 180 matchs, 41 buts), 1995/98 Paris SG (FRA) 115 matchs, 35 buts, (Championnat de France: 84 matchs, 23 buts), 1998/99 FC Lorient (FRA) 22 matchs, 9 buts, (Championnat de France: 20 matchs, 9 buts), 1999/2000 Montpellier (FRA) 41 matchs, 11 buts, (Championnat de France: 26 matchs, 8 buts), 2001 Olympique Lyonnais (FRA) 8 matchs, 1 but, (Championnat de France: 27 matchs, 8 buts), 2002/04 FC Lorient (FRA) 59 matchs, 13 buts, (Championnat de France de D2: 48 matchs, 10 buts). Meanwhile, Kasa-Vubu, like Lumumba, was unable to communicate with his political opponents. [159][170] The same disclosure showed that, at the time, the U.S. government believed that Lumumba was a communist, and feared him because of what it considered the threat of the Soviet Union in the Cold War. Lumumba had a large popular following, due to his personal charisma, excellent oratory, and ideological sophistication. [106] Lumumba demanded once again that UN peacekeeping soldiers assist in suppressing the revolt, threatening to bring in Soviet troops if they refused. [102] Lumumba was constantly being delivered rumors from informants and the Sûreté, encouraging him to grow deeply suspicious of others. "[178] The BBC reported that, subsequently, "Whitehall sources" described the claims of MI6 involvement as "speculative". [108] Upon hearing the broadcast, Lumumba went to the national radio station, which was under UN guard. [101] Lumumba's office was in disarray, and few members of his staff did any work. He wrote poetry, and many of his works had an anti-imperialist theme. Patrice Loko prend plus de temps pour se soigner définitivement, revient sur les terrains à la fin de l'année 1997, mais Florian Maurice, pourtant peu performant avec l'équipe parisienne, lui est systématiquement préféré. [188], The conventional narrative of Lumumba's premiership and downfall—that he was an uncompromising radical who provoked his own murder by angering domestic separatists—was severely challenged by De Witte's 2001 work, The Assassination of Patrice Lumumba, which provided evidence that the Belgian government—with the complicity of the United States and the UN—was largely responsible for his death. [60], On 3 July Lumumba declared a general amnesty for prisoners, but it was never implemented. [184] He was referenced by numerous African-American writers of the American civil rights movement, especially in their works of the post-civil rights era. At 14:45 he presented his proposed government before the press. In the early 21st century, writer Ludo De Witte found written orders from the Belgian government that had requested Lumumba's execution, and documents on various arrangements, such as death squads. It set 30 June 1960 as the independence date with national elections to be held from 11–25 May 1960. At 16:00 Lumumba and Kasa-Vubu resumed negotiations. [27] He assumed that he would secure the Presidency, so he began looking for someone to serve as his prime minister. [116], The Chamber, at the suggestion of its presiding officer, voted to annul both Kasa-Vubu's and Lumumba's declarations of dismissal, 60 to 19. [14] In 1951, he married Pauline Opangu. This greatly inflamed tensions, leading to renewed Congolese attacks on Europeans. [158][159][160] The plot was abandoned, allegedly because Larry Devlin, CIA Station Chief for the Congo, refused permission. Lumumba was alone among his contemporaries in encompassing all Congolese people in his narrative (the others confined their discussions to their respective ethnicities or regions),[181] and he offered a basis for national identity that was predicated upon having survived colonial victimisation, as well as the people's innate dignity, humanity, strength, and unity. On 14 July Lumumba and Kasa-Vubu broke off relations with Belgium. He was enthusiastically applauded by the opposition. Lumumba spoke Tetela, French, Lingala, Swahili, and Tshiluba. Fiche de stats du joueur William Loko, carrière en club, coéquipiers, famille, transferts, palmarès. In Lumumba's last documented letter, he wrote to Rajeshwar Dayal: "in a word, we are living amid absolutely impossible conditions; moreover, they are against the law". Home People People by ethnicity Tetela people Patrice Lumumba. Kasa-Vubu eventually agreed to Lumumba's earlier offer, though Lumumba informed him that he could not give him a guarantee of support in his presidential candidacy. [70] In response, Lumumba announced over the radio, "Thoroughgoing reforms are planned in all sectors. Frustrated, Lumumba met with the Soviet ambassador and discussed a donation of military equipment. Autre [157] CIA chemist Sidney Gottlieb, a key person in the plan, devised a poison resembling toothpaste. Il insultera le personnel médical avant d’être transféré dans les locaux de la police judiciaire. Police Commissioner Frans Verscheure who had operational command, and led Lumumba and the other two to their place of execution. [68], The next day Lumumba dismissed Janssens and promoted all Congolese soldiers one grade, but mutinies spread out into the Lower Congo. [110][h] Lumumba noted this in a letter to Hammarskjöld and a radio broadcast at 05:30 on 6 September. [184] Belgian literature in the decades following the Congo Crisis portrayed him as incompetent, demagogic, aggressive, ungrateful, undiplomatic, and communist. Even with South Kasai subdued, the Congo lacked the necessary strength to retake Katanga. He viewed the state as a positive advocate for the public welfare and its intervention in Congolese society necessary to ensure equality, justice, and social harmony.[183]. [213] In popular painting he is often paired with notions of sacrifice and redemption,[214] even being portrayed as a messiah, with his downfall being his passion. Six weeks before the date of independence, Walter Ganshof van der Meersch was appointed as the Belgian Minister of African Affairs. Kasa-Vubu, was slow to come to a final decision. Ses transferts. Compétitions Nord-Américaines et Caribéenes, Internationaux Serbes/Yougoslaves de Monténégro. Park had been posted to Leopoldville at the time of Lumumba's death, and was later a semi-official spokesperson for MI6 in the House of Lords. Lumumba was sent first on 3 December 1960 to Thysville military barracks Camp Hardy, 150 km (about 100 miles) from Léopoldville. [39] In the subsequent arguments, multiple deputies expressed dissatisfaction at the lack of representation of their respective provinces and/or parties, with several threatening secession. Despite the arrival of UN troops, unrest continued. [15] As a result, he had more political autonomy than contemporaries who were more dependent on Belgian connections. Patrice Loko (born 1970), French footballer Patrice Lumumba , first prime minister of the Democratic Republic of Congo Patrice de MacMahon , duc de Magenta, former president of the French Republic … The King had limited political power in Belgium, but he was free to write his own speeches (after revision by the government). These promotions were made in spite of Lundula's inexperience and rumours about Mobutu's ties to Belgian and US intelligence services. En République Démocratique du Congo, le mois de janvier demeure symbolique. As a result of strong pressure from delegates upset by Lumumba's trial, he was released and allowed to attend the Brussels conference. [138][139][140], Later that night, Lumumba was driven to an isolated spot where three firing squads had been assembled. According to sociologist Ludo De Witte, both of these perspectives overstate the political weaknesses and isolation of Lumumba. There was another heated debate, in which Iléo and Adoula expressed their strong dissatisfaction with its composition. Lumumba resolved to join Deputy Prime Minister Antoine Gizenga in Stanleyville and lead a campaign to regain power. The MNC-L was also having trouble securing the allegiances of the PSA, CEREA, and BALUBAKAT. [188] They saw him as greatly responsible for the political crisis that resulted in his downfall. According to Ludo De Witte however, the last stage of the operation was personally controlled and led by Belgians. [7] A frequently anthologized poem of his is "Dawn in the Heart of Africa" (including by Langston Hughes, in his 1963 collection Poems from Black Africa[11]), a poem that reminds Africans of their violent past, in which they were oppressed both by native leaders and by white colonizers, and speaks, in the last stanza, of a hopeful future: "The evil, cruel times will go never to come back again. Patrice a 6 postes sur son profil. See Patrice Loko's bio, transfer history and stats here. Patrice Loko ancien joueur de France Avant-centre récemment à {nom complet du club} * 6 févr. [31] Kalonji was presented with the agriculture portfolio by Lumumba, which he rejected, although he was suitable due to his experience as an agricultural engineer. Shortly afterward, the government shut down the Belga and Agence France-Presse wire services. Following his assassination, he was widely seen as a martyr for the wider Pan-African movement. [47] It was too late for Lumumba to enact Africanisation before independence. The following day the two rivals met in the presence of Adoula and diplomats from Israel and Ghana, but no agreement was reached. All were to devote special attention to ending racial discrimination. Club actuel Retraité . [22] Though Kasa-Vubu was aligned with their beliefs, he remained distanced from them. Lumumba refused to comply and instead pledged to support Jean Bolikango in his bid for the Presidency. Pour être tenu au courant des futures mises à jour du site et y participer, inscrivez-vous: En vous inscrivant vous pourrez si vous le souhaitez être prévenu par email en cas de nouveauté (article, commentaire, sujet sur le forum) et personnaliser votre profil pour participer au site. [109] Kasa-Vubu had not declared the approval of any responsible ministers of his decision, making his action legally invalid. Nationalité France. [16], Lumumba was one of the delegates who represented the MNC at the All-African Peoples' Conference in Accra, Ghana, in December 1958. Patrice Loko former footballer from France Centre-Forward last club: AC Ajaccio * Feb 6, 1970 in Sully-sur-Loire, France They thought he was gravitating toward the Soviet Union, although, according to Sean Kelly, who covered the events as a correspondent for the Voice of America, that was not because Lumumba was a communist, but because he felt that USSR was the only power which would support his country's effort to rid itself of colonial rule. When the Chamber met on 21 June to select its officers, Joseph Kasongo of the MNC-L was elected president with 74 votes (a majority), while the two vice presidencies were secured by the PSA and CEREA candidates, both of whom had the support of Lumumba. "[199] Lumumba's image was unpopular in southern Kasai for years after his death, as many Baluba remained aware of the military campaign he ordered in August 1960 that resulted in violent atrocities against their people. Kanza later said, "[Lumumba] didn't care...as long as an American presented this contract. De Witte described Kasa-Vubu's dismissal order as "clearly not constitutional" and labeled the invoked Article 22 as a "totally obsolete" provision which could only be resolved "by a law or revision of the constitution, passed by a parliament with confidence in Lumumba.". ", The government was able to successfully institute the tribunals in only a few locations. Date de naissance 06 février 1970 50 ans. Retraité 01/07/08. Instead of heading with all haste to the Orientale Province border—where soldiers loyal to Gizenga were waiting to receive him—Lumumba delayed by touring villages and making conversation with the locals. [115] Instead of directly attacking Kasa-Vubu ad hominem, Lumumba accused obstructionist politicians and ABAKO of using the presidency as a front for disguising their activities. According to de Witte, the vote was tallied as 41 to two with six abstentions. ", Govender wrote that with the exception of the Belga case, "Lumumba took no steps against [foreign correspondents]. Lumumba was confined to his home. The conference culminated on 27 January with a declaration of Congolese independence.