Further east, beyond the Bassin d'alimentation reservoir, was the hilltop village of Monampteuil. The French captured the village and fort of La Malmaison and took control of the Chemin des Dames ridge. There was a clear view northwards from the fort over the Ailette, along the lower edge of the west side of the Forest of Coucy and past the village of Brancourt; to the east were two groups of hills round Anizy, on the north bank of the Ailette. 14980 vom gleichen Datum rückgängig gemacht, und das Fort erhielt seinen ursprünglichen Namen zurück. Avant 6 h 30, le fort de La Malmaison est pris par un bataillon du 4e Zouaves: ce n’est plus depuis longtemps qu’un amas de ruines mais l’effet psychologique de cette action est considérable. Montboucons | Dort ruhen 11.841 deutsche Gefallene aus dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Planoise | Villey-le-Sec, Annexe: Had the 7th Army retained the western end of the ridge, the French at the east end and between the ridge and the Aisne, would have been highly vulnerable to a simultaneous attack. Many of the new air units arrived after the French preliminary bombardment had begun and when the French infantry attack came, were still unfamiliar with the terrain. Giromagny | Longchamp | Battalions from specialist German counter-attack divisions (Eingreifdivisionen) had been distributed along the front line and were caught in the French bombardments, German infantry shelters having been identified by French air reconnaissance and systematically destroyed. The Chasseurs Alpins and the 67th Division, were to attack part of the neck joining the Malmaison plateau to the Chevrégny Spur, reach the Les Bovettes water-tower and then work down the ravine on the east side of the north of the Malmaison plateau and down the Bovettes ravine to Pargny-Filain, to capture Lützen Trench, Pargny-Filain village and Bois de Veau, in the depression between Fort de la Malmaison and Pargny-Filain. [23], Behind the Pinonriegel (Pinon trench) in the south-west corner of the salient near Laffaux, work had begun on a reserve line from Pinon to Vaudesson and on rearward defences behind the Canal de l'Oise a l'Aisne for a possible retirement, known as the Gudrun Bewegung (Gudrun Manoeuvre). Januar 1887 über die Umbenennung der Forts, befestigten Artillerieanlagen und Kasernen gemäß dem Vorschlag des Kriegsministers Général Boulanger. For centuries stone-cutters had tunnelled into the ridge; the sides and summits of the plateaux were studded with workings, often 9.1–12.2 m (30–40 ft) underground and many, like the Dragon's Cave beneath the Hurtebise Finger, were connected to the surface by tunnels. Tourelle de 155 C modèle 1908 | The fortress casemates were tested with high explosives in 1887 and found to be insufficiently robust. Sie feuerten über Bank, d. h. über die Brüstung. Das mala-mansio wird im 6. On 30 October, a German counter-attack near Cerny was also repulsed. The French pressed on and drove the Germans from Bois de la Garenne and the open ground on its right. Geschichte. 49.4611111111113.5225Koordinaten: 49° 27′ 40″ N, 3° 31′ 21″ O, Adelphes | Peique Ramón Valle 2018. José Pariente Verdejo 2019. Souville | Saint-Michel (Toul) | [8], In the Second Battle of the Aisne (16 April – 9 May), the French failed to achieve their strategic objective of a breakthrough and a return to a war of movement but captured tactically important ground and inflicted many casualties on the German defenders. Toul | [1] Am 13. French tanks (artillerie d'assault) had been technically improved since 16 April, when they had operated on the plain from Craonne to Berry-au-Bac, despite the steep spurs, cratered ground and the establishment of anti-tank batteries by the Germans. Leveau | When the Germans stumbled upon the empty fort they integrated it in their defensive line. [55] Positions held by the 14th Division in Group Crépy and those of the 13th Division and 2nd Guard Division in Group Vailly were quickly reduced to crater-fields. The German artillery had been ordered to begin a counter-bombardment at 5:30 a.m. on 23 October, after the time of the attack was discovered from French prisoners. [59], The French success at La Malmaison prevented Hindenburg and Ludendorff from further reinforcing the Austro-Hungarians in Italy and assisted the surprise gained by the British at the Battle of Cambrai (20 November – 7 December). Pivoting on Allemant, the 27th Division on the right, was to attack the Riegelstellung known there as Giraffe and Lizard trenches. jempie. 17h : démonstration de tirs au canon et du char Saint-Chamond. Château de Malmaison) in Rueil-Malmaison westlich von Paris war Wohnsitz von Kaiser Napoleon und seiner Frau Joséphine. The French guns enfiladed the Ailette valley to the east of the Bassin d'alimentation reservoir, bombarded the German defences on the north slopes of the Chemin-des-Dames ridge and the last strong points holding out on the summit with high-explosive, gas and shrapnel shell. Während der Kampfhandlungen wurde es weitgehend zerstört. Bois des Gobineaux, beyond the road on the south side of the Laffaux–Pinon ravine, was captured by the 21st and 20th Chasseur battalions, Vaurains Farm in the western angle of the Soissons–Laon and Pinon roads, was captured with tank support and the east ends of Lizard Trench and Lady Trench were occupied. On 5 May, the French had reached the outskirts of Allemant but failed to capture the network of defences from the south of Mennejean Farm to the south of the Bohery quarry. Dans le cadre du Centenaire de la bataille de La Malmaison, la Médiathèque de l'architecture et du patrimoine (MAP) a retrouvé dans ses archives une sélection de photographies réalisées par l'Armée française entre le 23 et le 27 octobre 1917. Bondues | A rapid exploitation up the valley was impossible, because the ground on the borders of the canal was marshy. Moulainville | North-east of Craonne, the ruins of Chevreux were occupied, patrols reached the southern outskirts of Corbeny and another twenty heavy and field guns were captured. Publié le 23 octobre 2017 par Catherine Videlaine. Jahrhundert zum ersten Mal als königliche Villa (eines … XIV Corps had pivoted on its left flank to a line perpendicular with the start line. The British attack either side of the Scarpe river penetrated 6,000 yd (3.4 mi; 5.5 km), the furthest advance achieved since the beginning of trench warfare. Salbert | At 1:00 p.m., reconnaissance flights revealed that the French had dug in at some points. Juli 2017 ging es nach Einnahme der Frühstücksverpflegung das erste Mal zur ca. Fort-de-malmaison Reviews & Ratings. 5,40 € 4,85 €-+ Kauf auf 60 begrenzt.-10%. The accuracy French gunnery was exemplary and on 21 October, an observer reported that under direction by an artillery-observation aeroplane, one of the 380 mm (15 in) guns fired five shells consecutively into the same hole. [47], final French action of the 1917 campaign of the First World War. Artillery support was provided by the 2nd, 12th, 32nd, 231st, 240th and 259th artillery regiments with 812 field guns, 768 × 75 mm and 44 × 95 mm, 862 heavy guns from 105–380 mm (4.1–15.0 in), 105 super-heavy guns and 66 trench mortar batteries. Vaudesson village was threatened from the west flank by the 27th Division of XIV Corps, in Lizard Trench and was captured by the 21st Regiment and several tanks, as Bois de la Belle Croix further east was overrun by the 109th Regiment, which took 18 guns and several prisoners. On the right flank, the élite 4th Zouaves had been detailed to take Fort de la Malmaison; from 3:00 a.m. they had been bombarded by German heavy artillery, which caused many casualties. On 23 May, a German assault on the Vauclerc Plateau was defeated and on 24 May, a second attack was driven back in confusion. Sie liegt im Norden der Region Île de France auf dem in beiden Weltkriegen stark umkämpften Höhenzug Chemin des Dames im Département Aisne beim ehemaligen Fort de la Malmaison There the German trenches ran eastwards below the Fruty Quarry, crossed the road and ascended to the southern edge of the Malmaison plateau at Mennejean Farm. [30], The flanking divisions of XXI Corps were then to descend on the final objectives, Vaudesson village, Bois de la Belle Croix, Montparnasse Quarry, the west end of Chavignon village and the Bois des Hoinets, a northern continuation of Bois de la Belle Croix. [14], For most of September, artillery duels and raids by both sides took place from Vauxaillon to Craonne. French aircrew watched fortifications and tunnel-openings for signs of occupancy and immediately directed artillery-fire on any which were seen. [58] The Sixth Army took 11,157 prisoners, 180 guns, 222 trench mortars and 720 machine-guns. The 38th Division had reached the east end of Chavignon and Many Farm, beyond the Chavignon–Pargny-Filain road. XI Corps and the regiment of the 67th Division of XXXIX Corps on the right began a parallel advance. Der Kern des Forts war von einem Wall, einem Graben mit Escarpen- und Contreescarpenmauer sowie einem Glacis umgeben. With the 43rd Division, it was to secure the north end of the Malmaison Plateau, the slopes and the ravines descending from it to Chavignon. Fort de la Malmaison (Google Maps). [24], On 15 September, the 7th Army had c. 168 aircraft against 300 French but the Army Group headquarters delayed the dispatch of more air units until mid-October, having expected attacks elsewhere and had also reinforced the Flanders front. [12], On 2 June, a bigger German attack began, after an intensive bombardment of the French front, from the north of Laffaux to the east of Berry-au-Bac. Army Group German Crown Prince ordered the 7th Army to hold the positions east of La Royère Farm and on 28 October, the Germans counter-attacked just north of Froidmont Farm but were repulsed and lost another 60 prisoners. Le jeudi 24 octobre 1917, la progression se poursuit du côté de Vauxaillon. Engineer stores were rushed forward to repair captured caves, quarry entrances and field fortifications. [e] Sporadic felling of fruit trees and demolitions either side of the Ailette, which had been seen by French airmen before the battle, became frequent and a pall of black smoke from fires, drifted over the plain. Le fort de la Malmaison pouvait abriter 804 hommes. At 5:15 a.m., both divisions advanced up the slopes towards the Soissons–Laon road, from Fruty Quarry to the west of Malmaison Farm. The west face of the salient from the Anizy–Vauxaillon railway line to the canal tunnel, the area considered must vulnerable, was held by Group Crépy, the VIII Reserve Corps headquarters (General Georg Wichura), with the 37th Division and the 14th Division, joined by the 52nd Division from 15 October. Le plus gros canon tirait des obus de 40 kg à une distance de 9 km. L’offensive de La Malmaison, survenue du 17 au 25 octobre 1917, est présentée comme le contraire de l’offensive Nivelle du mois d’avril sur le front du Chemin des Dames. [58] The attacks at Verdun in August and at Malmaison were compared with the failures of the Nivelle Offensive and were used to produce L’instruction sur l’action offensive des grands unités dans la bataille (Instruction on Offensive Action of Large Units in Battle [31 October 1917]). Enable Map. Mont de Laffaux, south of Allemant, commanded both ravines and was determinedly defended by the garrison against the 75th Regiment, part of which was still besieging Fruty Quarry. Es wurde unterstützt von den Forts Condé und Montbérault. The offensive had been intended to capture high ground from the Mont des Singes to the Californie Plateau above Craonne and be economical in infantry, rather than break through the German fortified zone. Tourelle Mougin | Dogneville | Les 21 et 22 seront jours de souvenirs. Arches | März 1886 des Kriegsministers Général Boulanger an die Generalkommandanten der Militärregionen; Präsidialdekret vom 21. The situation on the front of Group Vailly was much worse, on the left flank of the 13th Division and part of the 2nd Guard Division front, no front line was recognisable. Troyon | The Germans on the Mont des Singes and in Pinon with the Ailette at their backs, were menaced from the south and the west. [46], On 25 October, the new front line ran from Vauxaillon, north of Mont des Singes, to the Canal de l'Oise à l'Aisne near Anizy, then north of Pinon and Rosay forests, south-eastwards to the west end of the Bassin d'alimentation, up to the Chemin-des-Dames ridge east of Pargny-Filain and Filain. From 24 to 25 October, XXI and XIV corps advanced rapidly; the I Cavalry Corps was brought forward into the XIV Corps area, ready to exploit a German collapse. [9] The Germans were forced to retire from the area between Braye-en-Laonnois, Condé-sur-Aisne and Laffaux to the Hindenburg Line from Laffaux Mill, along the Chemin-des-Dames to Courtecon. Saint-Priest | Feyzin | The ground taken by the Sixth Army increased the difficulties of the Germans in the spring offensives of 1918. Malmaison à la mairie de Chavignon par l’associa-tion CHAV. [49], At noon, the 7th Army headquarters concluded that the loss of Allemant, Vaudesson, Chavignon and Malmaison, made it necessary to hold the lines from Pinon to Chavignon and to form a new line from there to Malmaison; it was also decided to withdraw the artillery from the Pinon Forest. [46] On 26 October, XI Corps reduced the remaining strong points in Filain and reached the Bassin d'alimentation. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. There were few pillboxes and tunnels but numerous underground quarries, which had been equipped with ventilation and lighting systems, for ammunition and food storage. Mont Verdun | Public. [5] On 9 April, the British Third Army began the Battle of Arras from Croisilles to Ecurie, against Observation Ridge, north of the Arras–Cambrai road and towards Feuchy and the German second and third lines. Afin d’accompagner la cérémonie officielle du dimanche 22 octobre 2017 au fort de La Malmaison, un camp militaire de la Grande Guerre a été reconstitué afin de rappeler au grand-public les principaux éléments de la bataille de La Malmaison et honorer la mémoire des combattants. Except for Bois 160, south of Vaudesson, where the garrison held out until the early hours of 24 October and for some isolated quarries, the German position south of the Riegelstellung and east of the Allemant ravine had fallen. The German counter-bombardment could only be maintained in the eastern part of the attack front and French patrols found that some German outposts had been left unoccupied. Froideterre | la Lauffée | To avoid alerting the French, no demolitions of shelters, tunnels and pillboxes were made and a screen of machine-gunners and riflemen was left on the summit of the ridge to fire until just before dawn. [42], The 66th Division and the left hand regiment of the 67th Division, would be exposed to the German batteries on the Monampteuil heights, firing over the Bassin d'alimentation, which fed the Canal de l'Oise à l'Aisne, when they passed over the crest and began their descent. The Allemant plateau was cut from south to north by the narrow St. Guillain ravine and other ravines lay below the crest of the Chemin-des-Dames ridge. Ouvrage d’infanterie | Because of the shortage of troops, the front-holding divisions had to change places with the Eingreif divisions, rather than be withdrawn to recuperate. At 7:00 p.m., two battalions of French infantry and a battalion of Chasseurs advanced behind a creeping barrage and a shrapnel bombardment, with double barrages along each flank. [39], The 38th Division ejected the Germans from Lady Trench, halted on the summit of the plateau, in front of Bois de Garenne, north of Chavignon and east of the Montparnasse Quarry. All products are produced on-demand and shipped worldwide within 2 - 3 business days. La Malmaison ist eine französische Gemeinde mit 410 Einwohnern (Stand 1. Villeras | Gebirgsjägerbataillon) besetzt. The closure by gas bombardment of the Ailette valley a few days before the French attack, had made withdrawal impossible (as had a similar bombardment at Verdun in August), which accounted for the French claim of 11,500 prisoners, along with 200 guns, 222 trench mortars and 700 machine-guns. La Malmaison és un municipi francès, situat al departament de l'Aisne i a la regió dels Alts de França. [36], In the centre, XXI Corps crossed the Soissons–Laon road, entered the German second position and then captured Malmaison Farm by 6:00 a.m., which secured the right flank of the XIV Corps, since the farm was level with Allemant. [57] In four days, the French had advanced 9.7 km (6 mi) and forced the Germans from the plateau of the Chemin des Dames to the north bank of the Ailette valley. The French bombardment had most effect at the boundary of the 13th Division and 2nd Guard Division, where by the night of 21 October, a gap 800 m (870 yd) wide had been blown in the German defences, which could not be repaired. [3], From February–March 1917, the German armies in the Noyon and Bapaume salients retired to a new line of fortifications, the Siegfriedstellung (Hindenburg Line) across the base of the salients, from Neuville Vitasse near Arras, through St. Quentin and Laon to the Aisne east of Soissons, ending at Cerny en Laonnois on the Chemin-des-Dames ridge, although the withdrawal to the last part of the line did not take place. [48], The intensity of French artillery-fire and the gas cloud blocking the Ailette, left the German commanders ignorant of the situation on the south bank, except for a few messages delivered by runners, whose reports implied that the situation was hopeless. Had the 7th Army retained the western end of the Chemin-des-Dames ridge, the German offensive in 1918 could have started simultaneously with the offensives from the Somme to Flanders. Long-range guns bombarded villages and châteaux far behind the front line, directed by observers in lines of observation balloons, which were protected by aircraft and many anti-aircraft guns. Paroches | Bourlémont | Casemate Mougin | The 27th Division had reached Giraffe Trench, the Laffaux–Pinon ravine and was on the heights beyond the ravine west of Vaudesson. The 6th Bavarian Reserve and the 6th Division were sent forward to Laon and Pierrepont, 12 km (7.5 mi) north-east of Laon and a division of the neighbouring 1st Army, was alerted to move to the battlefront on foot. Media in category "Deutscher Soldatenfriedhof Fort de Malmaison" The following 16 files are in this category, out of 16 total. Observatoire cuirassé | 5285 vom 25. The German defenders were eventually forced back, beyond the Bassin d'alimentation on the Monampteuil Heights. [41], At Montparnasse Quarry, which had galleries 0.97 km (0.6 mi) long, the 1st Chasseur Battalion attack continued until the garrison surrendered at 10:30 a.m. and Orme Farm and a quarry to its left, were taken by the 38th Division. [27], The Canal de l'Oise à l'Aisne (a summit level canal), had been drained and was not a serious obstacle; behind the German east flank, beyond the Panthéon, were the fortified villages of Pargny-Filain and Filain, the southern sides of which were protected by earthworks. Tavannes | Camp des romains | Three divisions were in reserve, the 5th Guards Division around Filain and Pargny-Filain, the 2nd Guards Division on the right supported the 13th Division and the 43rd Reserve Division held the ground between Malmaison and La Royère farms. Other Zouave battalions on the flanks came up and the 38th Division halted and helped to consolidate the summit of the plateau, which had come under bombardment by German artillery on the Monampteuil Heights to the east. By mid-day Cerny was occupied, Cortecon was entered at 3:00 p.m. and Ailles at 7:00 p.m., which the Germans then bombarded with mustard-gas shell. Meyzieu | Before the Nivelle Offensive in April, d'Esperey had studied the tactical problems connected with the natural barrier between the Aisne and the plain at Laon and advised Maistre about the topography of the region. [6] The First Army attacked from Ecurie north of the Scarpe to Vimy Ridge, which fell at about 1:00 p.m., in a 4,000 yd (2.3 mi; 3.7 km) advance. The road from Pargny-Filain to Chavignon was to be crossed to reach the objective at Many Farm to the east. [34], Ceaseless explosions and concussion from shell bursts at the mouths of caverns caused rock falls and spread thick clouds of dust. Bron | By late October, the 7th Army had received 17 squadrons, including four fighter units, which increased the number of aircraft to more than 200, along with support available from the fighter squadrons of the neighbouring 2nd and 1st armies. The salient facing the Ailette was over 4.8 km (3 mi) wide, into which artillery could be moved, using the vast Montparnasse and the other quarries as ammunition dumps. If successful, the centre of the Sixth Army would be in a salient but west of Vaudesson a deep ravine from north of Laffaux Mill to the east of Pinon, commanded from the west by the 27th Division in Giraffe Trench, would protect the left flank of XXI Corps from counter-attacks. The 27th Division faced Pinon and covered Vaudesson, which had been secured by XXI Corps. Catinat du Larmont | Saint-Cyr | [44], While the German 7th Army occupied the Mont des Singes, Laffaux, Allemant and Malmaison plateaux, the French positions north of the Aisne were vulnerable to attack and the alternative for the French was to fall back behind the Aisne. Blénod | Ursprünglich wurde es Fort de la Malmaison genannt. Vaujours | [61], The French suffered casualties of 2,241 men killed, 8,162 wounded and 1,460 missing from 23 to 26 October, 10 per cent of the casualties of the attacks during the Nivelle Offensive in April and May. Tags. [40], The garrison was stalked through the ruins and quickly overrun. [51] The Oberste Heeresleitung (OHL, Supreme Army Command) received a broadcast from the Eiffel Tower, in which the French announced the capture of 8,000 prisoners and 25 heavy guns, then mistakenly reported that the canal had been crossed near Anizy, which caused a temporary panic in OHL that the Ailette position and the Siegfriedstellung (Hindenburg Line) had been outflanked. Much of the German artillery was south of the canal, from Pinon to Pargny and was cramped for space in patches of woodland, so far back that only long-range fire could reach beyond the French front line. XIV Corps had also taken c. 3,000 prisoners, several guns, machine-guns and trench mortars. Vézelois | 200,00 €-+ Mehr Neuheiten. A defensive flank was established from Moisy Farm across the plateau, to prevent a counter-attack from the Mont des Singes. [41], South of the Pinon–Chavignon road, Pinon and Rosay forests extended to the south bank of the Canal de l'Oise à l'Aisne. On the extreme right flank near La Royère Farm, the 67th Division made little headway but the 66th Division pushed on to the Panthéon, Orage and Bovettes quarries. The 38th Division also descended the heights and attacked Chavignon. The 28th and 27th divisions were then to descend into the ravine of Allemant, capture the quarry and ruins of Allemant, the Allemant plateau and the strong points between the German first and second positions. Search: Tag Archives: Battle of La Malmaison October 23, 1917. [38], At 9:15 a.m., the 13th Division began to descend the northern slopes towards Vaudesson and Bois de la Belle Croix.